Upper Volta Colony was the southern section of the former Upper Senegal-Niger territory. The remaining lands had a name change in 1920 to French Sudan. The Upper Volta was removed in 1919 and became a separate colony. Of the natives who are French subjects, the number of Mohammedans is stated at about 1,405,000, and of fetishists at about 4,101,000. The white inhabitants number about 1100, almost entirely French. The native population is estimated at somewhat over 5,600,000, of whom about 5,508,000 are French subjects. The country embraced the basins of the upper Senegal, the middle Niger, and the upper Volta. The area having a sedentary population, which extends northward to about the seventeenth parallel, does not exceed 1,000,000 square kilometers. This includes the Saharan regions occupied by nomads. The Annuaire du gouvernement general de I'Afrique occidentale francaise published in 1914 states that the area is about 2,500,000 square kilometers (sq. Niger was a separate military district after 1911, and a separate colony after 1922. The territory from upper Dahomey was added in 1907. Upper Senegal and Niger (Haut Senegal et Niger) was part of French West Africa, and developed from Senegambia and Niger in 1904. At the end of the nineteenth century, the peoples of the Volta basin became the stakes of competition between the French, British and German colonial powers.
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